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Feature Engineering Techniques and use cases

 

Feature Engineering TechniqueDescriptionUse Cases
ImputationReplacing missing values in data with appropriate values.Dealing with missing data in datasets.
Normalization/ScalingScaling numerical features to a standard range.Ensuring features have the same scale.
EncodingTransforming categorical variables into numerical format.Handling categorical data in models.
One-Hot EncodingCreating binary columns for each category in a feature.Dealing with nominal categorical data.
Label EncodingAssigning unique integers to each category in a feature.Handling ordinal categorical data.
BinningGrouping numerical values into bins or categories.Simplifying complex numerical data.
Feature ExtractionCreating new features from existing ones.Reducing dimensionality, capturing patterns.
Polynomial FeaturesGenerating higher-degree polynomial features.Capturing nonlinear relationships in data.
Logarithm TransformationApplying logarithmic function to features.Handling data with exponential growth patterns.
Interaction FeaturesCombining two or more features to create new ones.Capturing relationships between variables.
Time-Based FeaturesExtracting date and time components from timestamps.Incorporating time-based patterns in data.
Text PreprocessingCleaning and transforming text data into numerical features.NLP and text analysis tasks.
Feature ScalingBringing numerical features to a common scale.Improving model convergence in some algorithms.
Feature SelectionSelecting the most relevant features for modeling.Reducing dimensionality, improving model efficiency.
AggregationSummarizing data at a higher level of granularity.Creating aggregated statistics for groups.
Domain-Specific EngineeringCrafting features based on domain knowledge.Incorporating specific expertise in modeling.
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