Skip to main content

Reinforcement Learning

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a subfield of machine learning and artificial intelligence that focuses on how agents (e.g., robots, software agents, autonomous vehicles) can make sequences of decisions to maximize a cumulative reward in an environment. RL is inspired by behavioral psychology, where learning occurs through trial and error.

Key components of reinforcement learning include:

Agent: The entity or system that makes decisions and interacts with the environment.

Environment: The external system or surroundings in which the agent operates. It can be physical (e.g., a robot navigating a room) or virtual (e.g., a computer program playing a game).

State (s): A representation of the current situation or configuration of the environment that the agent perceives. It contains all relevant information needed to make decisions.

Action (a): The set of possible moves or decisions that the agent can take in a given state.

Policy (π): A strategy or set of rules that guides the agent's decision-making process. It defines how the agent selects actions based on states.

Reward (r): A numerical signal provided by the environment as feedback to the agent's actions. It indicates the immediate desirability or quality of the agent's current action in the current state.The primary goal of reinforcement learning is for the agent to learn an optimal policy, π*, that maximizes the expected cumulative reward over time. This is often referred to as the "reward signal" or "cumulative return." The agent explores different actions and learns from the consequences of those actions to improve its policy.

Reinforcement learning algorithms use various techniques to find the optimal policy, includin




Comments

Popular posts from this blog

What is the difference between Elastic and Enterprise Redis w.r.t "Hybrid Query" capabilities

  We'll explore scenarios involving nested queries, aggregations, custom scoring, and hybrid queries that combine multiple search criteria. 1. Nested Queries ElasticSearch Example: ElasticSearch supports nested documents, which allows for querying on nested fields with complex conditions. Query: Find products where the product has a review with a rating of 5 and the review text contains "excellent". { "query": { "nested": { "path": "reviews", "query": { "bool": { "must": [ { "match": { "reviews.rating": 5 } }, { "match": { "reviews.text": "excellent" } } ] } } } } } Redis Limitation: Redis does not support nested documents natively. While you can store nested structures in JSON documents using the RedisJSON module, querying these nested structures with complex condi...

Training LLM model requires more GPU RAM than storing same LLM

Storing an LLM model and training the same model both require memory, but the memory requirements for training are typically higher than just storing the model. Let's dive into the details: Memory Requirement for Storing the Model: When you store an LLM model, you need to save the weights of the model parameters. Each parameter is typically represented by a 32-bit float (4 bytes). The memory requirement for storing the model weights is calculated by multiplying the number of parameters by 4 bytes. For example, if you have a model with 1 billion parameters, the memory requirement for storing the model weights alone would be 4 GB (4 bytes * 1 billion parameters). Memory Requirement for Training: During the training process, additional components use GPU memory in addition to the model weights. These components include optimizer states, gradients, activations, and temporary variables needed by the training process. These components can require additional memory beyond just storing th...

Error: could not find function "read.xlsx" while reading .xlsx file in R

Got this during the execution of following command in R > dat Error: could not find function "read.xlsx" Tried following command > install.packages("xlsx", dependencies = TRUE) Installing package into ‘C:/Users/amajumde/Documents/R/win-library/3.2’ (as ‘lib’ is unspecified) also installing the dependencies ‘rJava’, ‘xlsxjars’ trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/bin/windows/contrib/3.2/rJava_0.9-8.zip' Content type 'application/zip' length 766972 bytes (748 KB) downloaded 748 KB trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/bin/windows/contrib/3.2/xlsxjars_0.6.1.zip' Content type 'application/zip' length 9485170 bytes (9.0 MB) downloaded 9.0 MB trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/bin/windows/contrib/3.2/xlsx_0.5.7.zip' Content type 'application/zip' length 400968 bytes (391 KB) downloaded 391 KB package ‘rJava’ successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked package ‘xlsxjars’ successfully unpacked ...